![]() The cruciform halo or cross halo, a halo incorporating a cross, emerged as a distinctive type of halo painted behind the head of members of the Holy Trinity, especially Jesus, and occasionally others. The Chi Rho-in-circle motif was widespread in the Roman Empire by the late 4th century, and garlanded and ringed crosses were popular in imperial Ravenna by the 5th century, influencing the later versions. In these contexts it apparently derived from the earlier Roman garland of victory. ![]() The nimbus or ringed shape was appended to the Christian cross and other symbols relatively early. History Crux Gemmata at Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe Other common variants include the Celtic cross, used in the stone high crosses of Ireland and Britain some forms of the Coptic cross and ringed crosses from western France and Galicia. One variant, the cruciform halo, is a special type of halo placed behind the head of Jesus in Christian art. The concept exists in many variants and dates to early in the history of Christianity. The ringed cross is a class of Christian cross symbols featuring a ring or nimbus. Cross enclosed in a circle Ringed cross The Celtic cross, a common type of ringed cross Sun cross/Earth astrological symbol A Cruciform halo The original Gnostic/ Coptic cross Cross of Novgorod ![]()
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